Introduction
In 1994, Portugal issued a commemorative series dedicated to the Discoveries and the 500th anniversary of the Treaty of Tordesillas (1494). One of the most notable pieces from this series is the 200 escudos coin honoring the treaty, featuring motifs that recall the division of the "world" between Portugal and Spain and the Portuguese presence in Africa and the Atlantic.
Description and Design
- Obverse (national side): features the inscription REPÚBLICA PORTUGUESA, a stylized map of the African coast with a caravel, the Portuguese shield, the face value “200 escudos,” and the year 1994. The imagery evokes Portuguese routes and spheres of influence.
- Reverse (commemorative side): divided by a vertical line symbolizing the Tordesillas demarcation line; it includes stylized royal effigies/crowns, small flags/coats of arms, and the inscription TRATADO DE TORDESILHAS with the dates 1494–1994. The composition connects royal iconography of the 15th century with the anniversary being celebrated.
Technical Specifications (Most Common Versions)
1. Cupronickel Version (common / commemorative circulation)
- Composition: cupronickel
- Diameter: 36 mm
- Weight: ≈ 21.1 g
- Finish: typically UNC or circulated
- Mintage: around 750,000 pieces
2. Special Versions (proof / silver variants)
- Some variants were issued in .925 silver (around 26.5 g / 36 mm), sold to collectors as proofs.
- These pieces are less common and listed separately in catalogues (e.g., KM 671a).
(Note: catalogue numbering may vary slightly — KM#671 for the common version, KM#671a for silver/proof variants.)
Historical Context and Symbolism
The Treaty of Tordesillas (1494) was an agreement between Portugal and Castile (Spain) establishing an imaginary line dividing zones of exploration and influence in the Atlantic and, later, the newly discovered lands. The coin uses a vertical dividing line, coats of arms, and royal portraits to represent this division. The caravel and map highlight Portuguese maritime exploration and presence in Africa and the Atlantic.
Numismatic Value (Market)
Cupronickel Version (common)
- Typical market value: €1.50 to €5, depending on condition.
- Circulated coins tend to be at the lower end; UNC examples reach higher values.
Silver / Proof / Official Set Versions
- These can be considerably more valuable — often tens of euros or more, depending on rarity, condition, and the specific issue.
Factors Affecting Value
- Condition: Proof and UNC coins command higher prices.
- Variant (metal): Silver/proof coins are more valuable than cupronickel.
- Original packaging / certificates: Increase value.
- Collector demand: Higher for those completing themes such as Portuguese Discoveries.
How to Identify Your Version
- Check the metal (cupronickel is lighter; silver has a different sheen and may include purity marks).
- Verify the weight: approximately 21.1 g for the common version.
- Compare obverse and reverse details with catalogue images to determine the exact variant.
Where to Check for Sale or Appraisal
- Online catalogues such as Numista or UCoin, and Portuguese numismatic shops, often list photos and market prices.
- For precise valuation, consult a professional numismatist or submit photos to collector forums.
Conclusion
The 200 Escudos (1994) — Treaty of Tordesillas coin is a representative example of Portugal’s 1990s commemorative issues: affordable in its common cupronickel version and more valuable in its proof or silver variants. While the regular issue has modest market value today, condition and rarity can significantly increase the price of special editions.
